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Fine-tuning LLMs for Autonomous Spacecraft Control: A Case Study Using Kerbal Space Program

Carrasco, Alejandro, Rodriguez-Fernandez, Victor, Linares, Richard

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Recent trends are emerging in the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) as autonomous agents that take actions based on the content of the user text prompt. This study explores the use of fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) for autonomous spacecraft control, using the Kerbal Space Program Differential Games suite (KSPDG) as a testing environment. Traditional Reinforcement Learning (RL) approaches face limitations in this domain due to insufficient simulation capabilities and data. By leveraging LLMs, specifically fine-tuning models like GPT-3.5 and LLaMA, we demonstrate how these models can effectively control spacecraft using language-based inputs and outputs. Our approach integrates real-time mission telemetry into textual prompts processed by the LLM, which then generate control actions via an agent. The results open a discussion about the potential of LLMs for space operations beyond their nominal use for text-related tasks. Future work aims to expand this methodology to other space control tasks and evaluate the performance of different LLM families. The code is available at this URL: \texttt{https://github.com/ARCLab-MIT/kspdg}.


Boeing's Starliner carried a 'Kerbal Space Program' character to the ISS

Engadget

It was an important milestone for a company that has, at least in the popular imagination, struggled to catch up with SpaceX. So it's fitting how Boeing decided it would celebrate a successful mission. When the crew of the ISS opened the hatch to Starliner, they found a surprise inside the spacecraft. Floating next to Orbital Flight Test-2's seated test dummy was a plush toy representing Jebediah Kerman, one of four original "Kerbonauts" featured in Kerbal Space Program. Jeb, as he's better known by the KSP community, served as the flight's zero-g indicator. Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin took a small doll with him on the first-ever human spaceflight, and ever since it has become a tradition for most space crews to carry plush toys with them to make it easy to see when they've entered a microgravity environment.


Elon Musk asks space-themed video game for ideas to get humans living on Mars

The Independent - Tech

Elon Musk has asked a video game for help getting humans to Mars and "making life multiplanetary". He suggested that the developers of Kerbal Space Program, a game that allows people to design and fly spacecraft around a virtual solar system, might have ideas for what SpaceX is "doing wrong". Mr Musk noted that the biggest problem the company faces in its plans to colonise Mars and other planets is the vast cost of getting spacecraft to its surface. And he asked for any help that its community could give to get people there. The tweets came as part of a busy morning of tweeting for Mr Musk, in which he also made a number of jokes about dogecoin – and helped boost the cryptocurrency's price.


Kerbal Space Program's ho-hum first expansion is a great excuse to revisit a PC gaming paragon

PCWorld

It's been a while since I've dug into Kerbal Space Program. Not really a surprise--after all, it's been three years since it emerged from Early Access, not to mention the countless hours I put into the game before that. At some point I did everything I wanted to do, or at least everything I had the (rough and unpolished) skills to do. So I was excited to hear about the $15 Making History expansion, Kerbal's first ever paid add-on. With that as its claim to fame, I was sure we were in for something special.


This week in games: Relic sunsets Dawn of War III, Kerbal Space Program gets an expansion

PCWorld

Far Cry 5's latest trailer gives its dog companion captions so you'll understand his story. I don't think that's in the real game. Imagine traveling through rural Montana with your talking canine, A Boy and His Dog style. This is gaming news for February 5 to 9. This week on Rainbow Six Siege: People screaming "Contact!" and "Jesus Christ!" while monsters run around in the fog, and then some calm diplomacy between the USA and Russia.

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  Industry: Leisure & Entertainment > Games (0.31)

'Grand Theft Auto' and 'NBA 2K' Publisher Announces New Gaming Label, Private Division

International Business Times

A fact most casual video game users might be unaware of is that three franchises as radically different as "Grand Theft Auto," "NBA 2K" and "Borderlands" come from the same parent company. Take-Two Interactive is a large video game publisher that owns and runs separate publishing labels 2K and Rockstar Games, which both release different kinds of games under those distinct labels. This week, Take-Two is splitting some of its upcoming projects into a new, third label called Private Division. Private Division is designed with a focus on "high-end indie studios," or in other words, games that are larger in scale and scope than small indie projects, but also not as expensive to produce as a blockbuster title like "Grand Theft Auto." The only available game in the Private Division current lineup is "Kerbal Space Program," a hardcore simulation game that uses realistic physics models to build spacecraft for little cartoon people.


Valve hired the team behind 'Kerbal Space Program'

Engadget

Worried that Valve's recent departures mark an end to conventional game development at the Half-Life studio? You might have a glimmer of hope. Valve has confirmed that it hired the team at Squad, better known as the creators of the shipbuilding hit Kerbal Space Program. The company isn't saying just how many people it hired, what they're working on or what's happening to KSP ("more details soon," a spokesperson says), but former Valve designer Roger Lundeen had said in the Game Dev Unchained podcast that the "entire team" had made the leap. The hire happened 4 to 6 months ago, Lundeen says.


'Kerbal Space Program' expansion has you making your own missions

Engadget

The pack logically includes new parts (including some inspired by US and Russian space programs) as well as a competitive scoring mode. There's even a personal parachute to save your crew if they have to bail in atmospheric flight. However, you may be in for a surprise if you're used to the steady stream of free upgrades from KSP's testing days: Squad says the expansion will cost you money. While that's not very surprising (the developer can't coast forever on core game sales), that does mean that you'll have to keep shelling out to experience everything the Kerbin system has to offer.


Crescent Loom: weave neurons, stitch muscles, create life.

#artificialintelligence

Hi! My name is Wick. I'm a neuroscientist from Portland, OR, and I study the neural circuits that move bodies (you can see my first published paper here). I believe that in order to eventually understand the impossibly complicated system that is the human brain, we need to start by first mastering its most basic components. There's so much that goes on beneath our awareness. My heart beats a steady rhythm, pumping blood through my billowing lungs down to my legs as I absentmindedly walk through the forest.


'Kerbal Space Program' arrives on Xbox One

Engadget

Squad teased that Kerbal Space Program was reaching the Xbox One when it announced the PS4 launch, and it made good on its word just a few days later. The spacecraft construction and exploration game is now available through the Xbox Store. As with the PS4 version, this port preserves the challenge of designing and flying ships across the Kerbals' star system, often with unintentionally hilarious results -- the biggest change is simply adapting KSP to the realities of playing with a gamepad. There's no mention of when the promised Wii U edition will arrive, but it might not be far behind given that Squad aimed to ship that title at the same time as the PS4 and Xbox One versions.

  artificial intelligence, kerbal space program, ship